Informatics Publishing Limited

Sarabjeet Singh ¹, Mukti Gautam ¹, Rita Kashyap ¹, Gurinderpal Sandhu ¹, Divya Singla ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Distt. Solan, Himachal Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Introduction: Cephalometeric landmark detection, is a knowledge intensive activity to identify on standardized lateral x-rays of the skull, to perform measurements needed for medical diagnosis, treatment planning and evaluation. For computation of analysis of steps and for determination of underlying structures, provided landmarks should be correctly localized. Due to the complexity of human anatomy sensed in a cephalometric x-ray, the landmarks are localized and constructed. Maxillary sinus has an important role to play in the formation of facial contours. Objective: Our aim is to check the validity of new geometric intersection point Ms, evaluating cephalometerically the spatial position of maxillary sinus and to find any correlation between the spatial position of maxillary sinus and sagittal dysplasias. Study design: A single-institution prospective analysis. Subjects and methods: A total of 20 lateral cephalograms were used, of both sexes, ranging in age from 18-25 years. These radiographs were from subjects, classified into class I and class II on the bases of ANB and Ao-Bo. Maxillary sinus was carefully analyzed and measured in linear dimensions of length and width and its spatial position was calculated by using a new geometric intersection point Ms, created by the intersection of the linear measurements, in relation to the anterior cranial base. The spatial position of maxillary sinus was calculated from the position of the intersection point Ms. The length and height of maxillary sinus was measured and compared in both the groups. Results: The mean of maxillary sinus length (MSL) and height (MSH) was 43.2±SD 3.2mm and 41.2±SD 3.8mm , respectively for class I (p value=0.595) and 44.2±SD 4.9mm and 43.0±SD 3.4mm, respectively for class II (p value=0.283). The intersection point Ms depicting centre of maxillary sinus from x-axis (Ms-Msx) was same for both the groups. Mean for Ms-Msy, was 37.3±SD 5.7 for class I and 37.8±SD 1.9 for class II (p value=0.796). No statistical significance was found among the results in both the groups. Conclusion: The length and height of maxillary sinus was calculated and the centre of maxillary sinus was calculated by the intersection of the two. This new point can contribute in calculating the spatial position of sinus and be an effective measure to study the convexity and concavity of the midface. In the present study, the length and height of the sinus did not alter with the increased or decreased ANB and Ao-Bo. There was no significant spatial position change of maxillary sinus with variation in ANB and Ao-Bo (sagittal). Regarding vertical parameters, Ms may have significant correlation with the various malocclusions.

Keywords

Maxillary Sinus, Anatomic Landmarks, Malocclusion.

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Sarabjeet Singh ¹, Pankaj Pupneja ¹, Abhishek Sharma ¹, Meha Verma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics,Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi (H.P)., IN

Abstract

No Abstract.

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Navdeep Singh ¹, Pankaj Kumar Keshri ², Sarabjeet Singh ¹, R. K. Sarin ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Physics, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar City, Punjab, IN
2 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar City, Punjab, IN
3 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar City, Punjab, IN

Abstract

A new slotted EBG Antenna for WiMax Band or 802.11 a band Applications has been demonstrated in this design and by using EBG structure we can see that it has better return loss value as compared to antenna without EBG structure at resonant frequency of 5.5 GHz respectively and it becomes more efficient antenna with EBG structure and covers a wide bandwidth of 95 MHz at 5.5 GHz as compared to antenna without EBG structure.

Keywords

Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure, WiMax Band, Slotted Antenna, Empire XCcel.

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Anuradha Dehiyan ¹, Sarabjeet Singh ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Amritsar -143001, Punjab, IN
2 Department of Neurology, Ivy Hospital, Amritsar – 160071, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease is a second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. It affects 1% of population over age of 50 years. Three main features of PD is asymmetric onset of bradykinesia, rigidity and resting tremors. Non motor symptoms are common in patients of Parkinson’s Disease. These remain undiagnosed most of the time. Aim and Objectives: To analyse gender specific, age related and demographic variability of non motor symptoms (Gastrointestinal, genitourinary and depression related symptoms) of Parkinson’s disease. Material and Methods: Present study Included 100 cases (65 Males and 35 Females) of Parkinson’s disease presenting at department of neurology, Dayanand Medical College and hospital, Ludhiana. 30 questionnaire of non motor symptoms in hindi and Punjabi were given to patients. Gender, age, duration of non motor symptoms, Parkinson’s phenotype and complete demographic profile of each patient taken into account for study. Thereafter results were statistically analysed for all parameters. Conclusion: It is concluded that mean age and duration of non-motor symptoms were higher in males as compared to females. GI symptoms amongst non-motor symptoms were commonest and amongst GI symptoms constipation was most common and there was positive correlation of H&Y with age and non motor symptoms especially gastrointestinal, genitourinary and depression related symptoms.

Keywords

Gender Specific Variability, Non Motor Symptoms of Parkinson, Parkinson’s Disease.

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Ravijot Kaur ¹, Hityant Rishi ¹, Sarabjeet Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Journalism, Languages & Culture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

Farming is a physically and psychologically challenging occupation, so there is a dire need of understanding and developing interventions to promote well-being of farming populace. The present investigation aimed to study well-being in relation to cognitive distortion, resilience and depression amongst farmers of Punjab. The sample comprised of 250 farmers in the age range of 20-80 years (i.e., 20 to 40 years, 41 to 60 years, 61 to 80 years) randomly selected from various districts of Punjab. The subjects were administered Cognitive Distortions Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II and Friedman's Well-being Scale to assess the level of cognitive distortion, resilience and depression in relation to well-being respectively. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics i.e. Mean and SD and Pearson product moment correlation. Correlation analysis of the data showed that well-being was positively correlated with resilience and in contrast it was negatively correlated with cognitive distortion and depression.

Keywords

Well-Being, Cognitive Distortion, Resilience, Depression.

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Manjot Kaur ¹, Ravijot Kaur ¹, Sarabjeet Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Agricultural Journalism, Language and Culture, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, IN

Abstract

The present study was conducted to measure the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation among distressed farmers ofPunjab. Snowball technique was used for the selection of the distressed farmers and total 400 farmers comprised the sample. Selected sample was spread across the agricultural geographies from various districts of Punjab. A self-structured questionnaire was prepared and data were collected personally by the researcher. The scales measuring depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II) and suicidal ideation (Modified Scale for Suicidal Ideation) were administered on the farmers to measure the level of depression and suicidal ideation among them. Results revealed that majority of the distressed farmers fall under 31-45 years of age and were male farmers. More than fifty per cent respondents were having 5 to 8 members in their family and were small farmers. Highest percentage (89%) of the respondents was under heavy debt of different denominations. Nearly one third of the respondents had moderate level depression and a large proportion of the respondents had low level of suicidal ideation. Age had negative and significant and significant relationship with suicidal ideation. Gender, total family members and total tube wells has negative and significant relationship with depression. The analysis also indicted that total number of livestock has negative and significant relationship with depression while positive and significant relationship with suicidal ideation. It can be concluded that medical and mental health services are important for early and effective treatment and relief for those suffering from depression or are at the edge of it. Treatment interventions alone cannot achieve significant reductions in personal, social and financial burden associated depression and suicidal ideation and therefore interventions are required earlier in the development of these conditions.

Keywords

Farmers, Suicide, Suicidal Ideation, Depression.

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